1.) What was the main cause of the outbreak of the French and Indian War?
Britain and France both wanted control of the Ohio River Valley. Britain wanted it for expansion/settlement and French wanted it to stop Britain's expansion and control of the fur trade.
2-4.) What were three French advantages going into the French and Indian War?
Strong government, well-trained army, support of Indians, and forts at strategic places along the river.
5.) What was France's disadvantage?
Widely scattered and scarcely populated.
6-8.) What were three British advantages going into the French and Indian War?
Greater numbers of the population, more supplies, and a strong navy.
9.) What was Britain's disadvantage?
Lack of unity within the colonies.
10.) What was the French and Indian War called in Europe?
"Seven Year's War"
11.) How did the British way of fighting differ from the French way of fighting?
The British wore red uniforms and marched in line, while the French used more of a gorilla-type of warfare, where they jumped out from behind trees/fences whilst blending in.
12.) Which British general was killed at Fort Duquesne?
General Edward Braddock
13.) What was the name of the plan that attempted to unite the colonies?
The Albany Plan of Union
14.) Who suggested this plan?
Benjamin Franklin
15.) Who was the new British leader who suggested a new system which brought a dramatic change in the war?
William Pitt
16-17.) What two things did he implement in this system?
He replaced older generals with younger talented ones and he paid for the outfitting of soldiers.
18.) What did the British rename Fort Duquesne?
Fort Pitt
19.) How did the British capture the city of Quebec?
They sneaked onto the Plains of Abraham via river downstream and silently scaled the cliffs, catching the French off-guard. The battle was over in 15 minutes, thanks to French Leader Malcolm's early death that prompted a French surrender.
20.) What was the name of the treaty that ended the French and Indian War?
The Peace of Paris
21-23.) What three territories did Britain receive as a result of this treaty?
French Canada, Ohio River Valley, and Florida (which was owned by Spain, France's ally.)
24-27.) List the 4 ways Britain's policy toward the colonies changed after the French and Indian War.
They issued the Proclamation Line of 1763, which forbade western expansion past the Appalachian Mountains, they left 10,000 troops in America after war and required colonists to feed/house the troops-Quartering Act, they issued Navigation/Trade Acts that regulated trade between colonies and other nations, allowed writs of assistance, and imposed taxes to help pay the war debt; Sugar Act (1764) on sugar, molasses, coffee, silk, and indigo, and the Stamp Act, that was on internal goods that required stamps to be purchased/placed on paper goods like legal documents, newspapers, calendars, and playing cards.
28.) What was the issue over the taxes that Parliament was passing?
The colonist didn't want to be taxed without representation in Parliament, "no taxation without representation"
29.) How did the colonists respond to the Townshend Acts?
They boycotted more British goods.
30.) How many colonists were killed in the Boston Massacre?
5 colonists, 6 more were wounded
31.) What was the purpose of the Committees of Correspondence?
They were organized to promote opposition to Britain
32.) Who was the leader of the Committees of Correspondence?
Samuel Adams
33.) The Boston Tea Party was a response to which act?
The Tea Act of 1773
34.) What did the colonists do at the Boston Tea Party?
They climbed aboard the British tea ship as Indians and destroyed 342 cases of tea by tossing them in the harbor.
35.) What was the major difference between the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act?
The Sugar Act taxed sugar, molasses, coffee, silks, and indigo, which is mostly food, which the Stamp Act taxed internal goods like legal documents, newspapers, calendars, and playing cards.
36.) What was the purpose of the Intolerable Acts?
They were designed to punish the "unruly" colonists in Massachusetts.
37-39.) What are three of the Intolerable Acts?
Boston Port Bill, which closed Boston Harbor until all the destroyed tea was paid for, QUartering Act, which gave governments power to take any building or supplies needed to house British troops, and the Quebec Act, which extended Quebec's boundries southward, recognized Roman Catholicism as the main religion, and French Rule was used.
40.) What is the Quartering Act?
It gave colonial governments the power to take any buildings or supplies needed to house British troops
41-42.) Where and when (month and year) did the first Continental Congress meet?
Where: Philadelphia
When: September of 1774
43.) Who gave the famous "Give me liberty or give me death" speech?
Patrick Henry
44.) Who was the British general who ordered his troops to capture the stockpile at Concord?
General Thomas Gage
45-46.) What two men rode to warn the colonists that "the British were coming"?
William Dawes and Paul Revere
Also Samuel Prescott
47.) What happened at the Battle of Lexington?
The British soldiers came to capture Samuel Adams/John Hancock and encountered 70 minutemen. No one knows who fired the first shot, but 8 colonists died and 10 more were wounded as the rest scattered.
48.) On what date (month, day, and year) did the above "battle" occur?
April 19, 1775