2003 Invasion of Iraq
The 2003 Invasion of Iraq (19 March - 1 May 2003), was the start of the conflict known as the Iraq War, or Operation Iraqi Freedom, in which a combined force of troops from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and Poland invaded Iraq and toppled the regime of Saddam Hussein in 21 days of major combat operations.
Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP)
A measurement defined by the United States federal No Child Left Behind Act that allows the U.S. Department of Education to determine how ever
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
A United States federal statute enacted April 11, 1965. It was passed as a part of President Lyndon B. Johnson's "War on Poverty" and has been the most far-reaching federal legislation affecting education ever passed by Congress. The act is an extensive statute that funds primary and secondary education, while explicitly forbidding the establishment of a national curriculum. The current reauthorization of ESEA is the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001.
Energy Policy Act of 2005
A bill passed by the United States Congress on July 29, 2005, and signed into law by President George W. Bush on August 8, 2005. The act, described by proponents as an attempt to combat growing energy problems, changed US energy policy by providing tax incentives and loan guarantees for energy production of various types.
Gulf War of 1991
The Persian Gulf War (2 August 1990 - 28 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Storm (17 January 1991 - 28 February 1991) commonly referred to as simply the Gulf War, was a war waged by a UN-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.
Neoconservatism
a variant of the political ideology of conservatism which combines features of traditional conservatism with political individualism and a qualified endorsement of free markets, as well as an emphasis on maintaining global military power.
No Child Left Behind Act
The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) is a United States Act of Congress that came about as wide public concern about the state of education. First proposed by the administration of George W. Bush immediately after he took office, the bill passed in the U.S. Congress with bipartisan support.
Preemptive War
A preemptive war is a war that is commenced in an attempt to repel or defeat a perceived offensive or invasion, or to gain a strategic advantage in an impending (allegedly unavoidable) war before that threat materializes.
Saddam Hussein
(28 April 1937 - 30 December 2006), the fifth President of Iraq, serving in this capacity from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003. A leading member of the revolutionary Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, which espoused a mix of Arab nationalism and Arab socialism, Saddam played a key role in the 1968 coup, later referred to as the 17 July Revolution, that brought the party to long-term power of Iraq.
Unilateralism
A tendency of nations to act on their own, or with only minimal consultation and involvement with other nations.
Department of Homeland Security
A cabinet department of the United States federal government, created in response to the September 11 attacks, and with the primary responsibilities of protecting the United States from and responding to terrorist attacks, man-made accidents, and natural disasters
Guantanamo Bay
A US naval base in South-East Cuba. It is the home of the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, which is governed by the United States.
Homeland Security Act of 2002
An act introduced in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks and subsequent mailings of anthrax spores. It was signed into law by President George W. Bush in November 2002.
Operation Iraqi Freedom
The US military's name for the War in Iraq. The Iraq War was a conflict triggered by an invasion of Iraq by the United States to depose Saddam Hussein and find WMDs from March 20, 2003 to December 18, 2011, though sectarian violence continues and has caused thousands of fatalities
Taliban
A far-right Islamist militant movement that ruled large parts of Afghanistan and its capital, Kabul, as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan from September 1996 until October 2001. After the attacks of September 11, 2001 the Taliban was overthrown by the American-led invasion of Afghanistan. Later it regrouped as an insurgency movement. The Taliban has been accused of using terrorism as a specific tactic to further its ideological and political goals.
The USA Patirot Act of Congress
was signed into law by President George W. Bush on October 26, 2001. Its title is a ten-letter backronym (U.S.A. P.A.T.R.I.O.T.) that stands for "Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001".
War on Terror
The War on Terror is a term commonly applied to an international military campaign led by the United States and the United Kingdom with the support of other NATO and non-NATO countries. Originally, the campaign was waged against al-Qaeda and other militant organizations with the purpose of eliminating them.
credit default swaps
financial instruments that pay buyers even if a purchased loan defaults; a form of insurance for risky loansGreat Recession: the economic recession that began in 2008, following the collapse of the housing boom, and was driven by risky and misleading subprime mortgages and a deregulated bond marketmortgage A loan given for the purchase of property such as a house or a piece of farm land. In the United States, it is normal for home purchases to be funded by a mortgage loan.
U.S. Housing Bubble
The United States housing bubble is an economic bubble affecting many parts of the United States housing market in over half of American states. Housing prices peaked in early 2006, started to decline in 2006 and 2007, and reached new lows in 2012.
stimulus package
A set of actions by a government, bank, etc. that is intended to encourage activity and growth in the economy or in a particular industry or area.
subprime mortgage
a type of mortgage offered to borrowers with lower credit ratings; subprime loans feature interest rates that are higher (often adjustable) than conventional mortgages to compensate the bank for the increased risk of default
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), commonly called the Affordable Care Act (ACA
ObamaCare: is a United States federal statute signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010. Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act amendment, it represents the most significant regulatory overhaul of the U.S. healthcare system since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965. Under the act, hospitals and primary physicians would transform their practices financially, technologically and clinically to drive better health outcomes, lower costs and improve their methods of distribution and accessibility.
John McCain
John Sidney McCain III (born August 29, 1936) is the senior United States Senator from Arizona. He was the Republican presidential nominee in the 2008 United States election.
Mitt Romney
Willard Mitt Romney (born March 12, 1947) is an American businessman and was the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2012 election. From 2003 to 2007, he served as the 70th Governor of Massachusetts.
Barack Obama
(born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States. On November 6th, 2012, he was re-elected for a second term.