atom
the smallest portion of an element found in the periodic chart; examples include carbon, oxygen, gold
biomolecule
an organic molecule produced by a living organism
chemical bond
a connection made between atoms when electrons are attracted, shared, or transferred
condensation reaction
a chemical reaction that combines a smaller molecules and forms water as a byproduct; the reaction is often used to form polymers
covalent bond
a chemical bond formed when elements have share electrons
hydrolysis reaction
a chemical reaction between water and another molecule that breaks down the molecule into simpler molecules; the reaction splits a water molecule to break apart a polymer into monomers
inorganic molecule
a molecule that is not organic most ( but not all) do not include carbon; examples include water, ammonia, table salt, and carbon dioxide
ion
an electrically charged "atom" that has either gained or lost electrons
ionic bond
a chemical bond formed when elements transfer