Great Depression
A major economic collapse that lasted from 1929 to 1940 in the U.S.
Herbert Hoover
the 31st President of the United States (1929–1933), and the director of the U.S. Food Administration during WWI. Hoover was formerly a professional mining engineer and author. Prohibition Prohibition of alcohol, often referred to simply as prohibition, is the legal act of prohibiting the manufacture, transportation and sale of alcohol and alcoholic beverages. The term can also apply to the periods in the histories of the countries during which the prohibition of alcohol was enforced.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
the 32nd President of the United States and lead the country during a time of worldwide economic depression and total war. He was the only American president elected to more than two terms and during World War II, he worked closely with Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin in leading the Allies against Germany and Japan in World War II, but died just as victory was in sight.
The Public Works Administration (PWA)
part of the New Deal of 1933, was a large-scale public works construction agency in the United States headed by Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes. It was created by the National Industrial Recovery Act in June 1933 in response to the Great Depression.
The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933
was an American statute which authorized the President of the United States to regulate industry and permit cartels and monopolies in an attempt to stimulate economic recovery; it also established a national public works program.
The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
was a public work relief program that operated from 1933 to 1942 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men from relief families, ages 17–23. A part of the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, it provided unskilled manual labor jobs related to the conservation and development of natural resources in rural lands owned by federal, state and local government
Tennesse Valley Authority
A federally owned corporation in the U.S. created in 1933 to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development.
The American Federation of Labor (AFL)
was one of the first federations of labor unions in the United States. It was founded in Columbus, Ohio in December 1886 by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of Labor, a national labor association.
Conservative Manifesto
was a position statement drafted in 1937 by a bipartisan coalition of conservative politicians. Those involved in its creation included opponents of President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal as well as erstwhile supporters who had come to believe its programs were proving ineffective.
The Business Plot
was an alleged political conspiracy in 1933. Retired Marine Corps Major General Smedley Butler claimed that wealthy businessmen were plotting to create a fascist veterans' organization and use it in a coup d'état to overthrow United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt, with Butler as leader of that organization.
Supreme Court Packing Plan
Roosevelt's plan, after being reelected, to pack the Supreme Court with an additional six justices, one for every justice over seventy who refused to step down
Senator Huey Long
(August 30, 1893 – September 10, 1935), nicknamed The Kingfish, was an American politician who served as the 40th Governor of Louisiana from 1928 to 1932 and as a member of the United States Senate from 1932 until his assassination in 1935. A Democrat, he was an outspoken populist who denounced the rich and the banks and called for "Share the Wealth." As the political boss of the state he commanded wide networks of supporters and was willing to take forceful action. He established the political prominence of the Long political family.
Father Charles Coughlin
Coughlin was a vocal supporter of Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal. By 1934 he became a harsh critic of Roosevelt as too friendly to bankers. In 1934 he announced a new political organization called the National Union for Social Justice. He wrote a platform calling for monetary reforms, the nationalization of major industries and railroads, and protection of the rights of labor.
Francis Townsend
an American physician who was best known for his revolving old-age pension proposal during the Great Depression. Known as the "Townsend Plan", this proposal influenced the establishment of the Roosevelt administration's Social Security system.
Social Security
a series of programs designed to help the population's most vulnerable—the unemployed, those over age sixty-five, unwed mothers, and the disabled—through various pension, insurance, and aid programs
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
is a United States government corporation operating as an independent agency created by the Glass–Steagall Act of 1933. It provides deposit insurance, which guarantees the safety of deposits in member banks. Source: Boundless. "Banking and Finance Reform." Boundless U.S. History. Boundless, 15 Jul. 2015. Retrieved 15 Jul. 2015 from https://www.boundless.com/u-s-history/textbooks/boundless-u-s-history-textbook/the-new-deal-1933-1940-25/the-new-deal-192/banking-and-finance-reform-1064-8780/
Works Progress Administration
a program run by Harry Hopkins that provided jobs for over eight million Americans from its inception to its closure in 1943