Growth Hormone (GH)
Secreted by what gland?
Anterior pituitary gland
What hormone does growth hormone target(s)?
bone, muscle, and fat
What are the effects of growth hormone on bone, muscle, and fat?
The growth of tissues.
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by what gland?
anterior pituitary gland.
what does the thyroid stimulating hormone target?
the thyroid
what effect does the thyroid have from the thyroid stimulating hormone
The site the thyroid secretes hormones
Prolactin (PRL) is secreted by which gland?
anterior pituitary
What is the target of prolactin (PRL)
The target is the mammary glands
What effect does prolactin have on targeting the mammary glands?
The production of breast milk
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) is secreted by which gland?
This hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
What is the target of adrenocorticotropic hormone
The target is the adrenal cortex
What are the effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone on the adrenal cortex?
the effects are for the secretion of hormones
Where is Luteinizing Hormone (LH) secreted?
Anterior pituitary gland
What are the target(s) of Luteinizing hormone?
for males are interstitial cells in the testes and for females its mature ovarian
what are the effects of lutenizing hormone (LH) on male's: interstitial cells and females: mature ovarian?
in men is the secretion of testosterone while in women is the process of ovulation
where is follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secreted
anterior pituitary
what are the targets of follicle stimulating hormone specifically?
For male's it is the semi-iferous tubules or the testes. and in females: ovarian follicle
what happens after the semi-iferous tubules of the testes are affected by the follicle stimulating Hormone (FSH)
this accounts for the production of sperm
what comes after the ovarian follicle beng affected by the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
the effects in females are the follicle/ovum maturation.
Where are Triiodothreonine(T_3) and Thyroxine (T_4) secreted
Thyroid
Where is Triiodothreonine(T_3) and Thyroxine (T_4) targeted?
all cells
What are the effects of triiodothreonine (T_3) and thyroxine(T_4) on all cells?
it regulates the rate of metabolism
Where is the hormone aldosternone secreted
Aldosterone is secreted in the adrenal cortex
What are the targets of aldosterone?
The targets are the distal convoluted tubules
What are the effects of aldosterone on the distal convoluted tubules?
the effects are the reabsorption of Na+ and water (as it increases blood volume i.e. blood pressure)
Where is cortisol hormone located?
Adrenal cortex
what are the targets of the hormone cortisol?
all cells
what are the effects of cortisol after acting on all cells
it increases the rate of glucose metabolism
Where is estrogen secreted?
Estrogen is secreted in the ovarian follicle.(gland)
What is the target of the estrogen hormone?
The target for estrogen are secondary sex organs
after the estrogen hormone affects the target (secondary sex organs) what ensues next?
the development at puberty and maintenance throughout life
where is the progesterone hormone secreted?
the hormone progesterone is secreted by the gland called the corpus luteum of the ovary
what are the target(s) of progesterone?
the target(s) are the uterine endometrium
what are the effects of the uterine enedometrium after being targeted by progesterone?
Preparation for implantation (thickens,etc)
Where is testosterone secreted?
interstitial cells of the testes
What is testosterone's target?
the secondary sex organs
What are the effects of the target(s) (secondary sex organs)
development of puberty and maintenance
Where is Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) secreted?
Anti-diuretic hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland
What's the target of the Anti-diuretic Hormone?
distal convuluted tubule (DVC)
What are the effects of the distal convoluted tubule after being affected by ADH?
reabsorption of water (which increases blood pressure)
where is oxytocin secreted?
the posterior pituitary gland
what is the target of oxytocin?
the target is the uterine smooth muscle and mammary gland (to be suckled)
What are the effects of oxytocin on the uterine smooth muscle and mammary gland?
effects are contraction during labor and the release of milk
What gland secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Parathyroid gland
What are the targets of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)
proximal kidney tubules, osteoclasts, and intestine
After parathyroid hormones act on the target what are the effects of this?
the reabsorption of calcium into the blood, bone resorption, dietary calcium absorption (increases blood calcium levels)
Where is the hormone calcitonin secreted?
The hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland
What are the target(s) of the hormone calcitonin?
target is the distal convoluted tubules and osteoblasts
what effects does the target have on calcitonin?
the secretion of calcium into urine, and bone formation which decreases calcium levels in the blood stream.
Where is insulin secreted?
Insulin is secreted by beta cells of pancreatic islets
What does the hormone insulin target?
insulin targets all cells, the liver, and skeletal muscle.
what are the effects of the target sites which insulin targeted?
pushes glucose into cells from blood, glycogen formation (decreases blood glucose)
Where is the hormone glucagon secreted?
Glucagon is secreted from alpha cells of pancreatic islets.
What are the target(s) of glucagon?
The targets of glucagon are the liver and skeletal muscle
what are the effects of glucagon at the target site ?
the targets will breakdown glycogen (which will increase blood glucose)
Where are the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine secreted?
they are secreted by the adrenal medulla gland
What are the targets of noepinephrine and epinephrine?
cardiac muscle, asteriole and bronchiole smooth.
What are the effects of Norepinephrine/and Epinephrine at the target site?
Increases heart rate and blood pressure.
Where is melatonin released?
the pineal gland
What are the targets of melatonin?
The limbic system
What are the effects of melatonin at the target site (limbic system)
circadian rhythm, emotions/behavior
What gland secretes Thymosin?
The thymus gland
what are the targets of the thymosin hormone?
the t-lymphocytes
what are the effects of thymosin at the target site?(t-lymphocytes)
maturation