"Guglielmo Marconi", "invention of radio, 1895" "Alexander Graham Bell", "invented the telephone, 1876" "Thomas Edison", "invented the electric light, 1879" "Wilbur and Orville Wright", "invented the airplane, 1903" "Karl Benz", "invented the automobile, 1885" "Industrialization", "the process by which mechanization and technology replaced human labor as the primary means of manufacturing." "Second Industrial Revolution", "the movement of the U.S. economy towards rapid industrialization in the last half of the 19th century, characterized by the spread of railroads, mass production, assembly-line processes, the massive growth of the oil and steel industries, and mass electrification." "Scientific management", "an approach pioneered by Frederick W. Taylor that sought to maximize efficiency in industrial processes and conditions." "Railroads", "the development of railroad networks across the United States was one of the major drivers of industrialization in the late 19th century." "Bessemer Process", "the Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron." "trusts", "a large partnership, formed between companies that allegedly are competing against each other, for the purpose of controlling the market for a given product or service. Trusts work effectively as monopolies." "American Federation of Labor (AFL)", "The American Federation of Labor (AFL) was one of the first federations of labor unions in the United States.It was founded in Columbus, Ohio in December 1886 by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of Labor, a national labor association." "Antitrust Law", "The United States antitrust law is a body of laws that prohibits anti-competitive behavior (monopoly) and unfair business practices. Anti-trust laws are intended to encourage competition in the marketplace." "Bessemer Process", "The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron." "Carnegie Steel Company", "Carnegie Steel Company was a steel producing company created by Andrew Carnegie to manage business at his steel mills in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania area in the late 1st century. Consolidation: The act or process of consolidating, making firm, or uniting; the state of being consolidated; solidification; combination." "financier", "A person who, as a profession, profits from large financial transactions." "horizontal integration", "The integrating of identical stages in the production or marketing process under the ownership or control of a single management organization." "Mechanization", "The use of machinery to replace human or animal labor, especially in agriculture and industry." "Monopoly", "A monopoly (from Greek monos μ (alone or single) + polein π (to sell)) exists when a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular commodity. Monopolies are thus characterized by a lack of economic competition to produce the good or service and a lack of viable substitute goods.." "Trust", "A group of businessmen or traders organized for mutual benefit to produce and distribute specific commodities or services, and managed by a central body of trustees." "vertical integration", "The integrating of successive stages in the production and marketing process under the ownership or control of a single management organization." "Great Migration", "the name for the large wave of African Americans who left the South after the Civil War, mostly moving to cities in the Northeast and Upper Midwest" "Ellis Island", "A 27.5 acres island in the states of New Jersey and New York where millions of immigrants and others were processed." "Immigration Station", "A place at which new immigrants to a country are processed and evaluated by an authority appointed by the recipient government." "xenophobia", "A strong antipathy or aversion to strangers or foreigners." "immigrant", "A person who comes to a country from another country in order to permanently settle in the new country." "Jacob Riis", "was a Danish American social reformer, "muckraking" journalist and social documentary photographer.He is known for using his photographic and journalistic talents to help the impoverished in New York City; those impoverished New Yorkers were the subject of most of his prolific writings and photography.He endorsed the implementation of "model tenements" in New York with the help of humanitarian Lawrence Veiller." "mass transit", "A large-scale transportation system in which the passengers do not travel in their own vehicles." "political machine", "A local political organization that controls a large number of personal votes and can therefore exert political influence" "Tenement House Act of 1901", "One of the reforms of the Progressive Era, the New York State Tenement House Act of 1901 was one of the first such laws to ban the construction of dark, poorly ventilated tenement buildings in the state of New York.Among other sanctions, the law required that new buildings must be built with outward-facing windows in every room, an open courtyard, indoor toilets and fire safeguards. urbanization the process of the formation and growth of cities" "urbanization", "the process of the formation and growth of cities"
Download CSV
